铝板因其密度低、强度高、导热率高、耐腐蚀性强、物理机械性能好而被广泛应用于各个行业。因为铝板生产厂家焊接方法的选择不是时，合金铝板的变形严重影响产品质量和性能。下面简单介绍一下合金铝板的焊接方法。

Aluminum sheet is widely used in various industries because of its low density, high strength, high thermal conductivity, strong corrosion resistance and good physical and mechanical properties. Because the choice of welding method is not suitable for aluminum plate manufacturers, the deformation of aluminum alloy plate seriously affects the quality and performance of products. The following is a brief introduction to the alloy aluminum plate welding method.
1.焊接前的准备
用化学或机械方法严格清洗焊缝坡口两侧的表面氧化膜。
化学清洗是用碱或酸清洗工件表面。这种方法不仅能去除氧化膜，还能去除油污。具体工艺如下:6%~10%的氢氧化钠溶液按体积计，70℃左右浸泡0.5分钟→水洗→室温下用15%硝酸浸泡1分钟中和→水洗→温水洗→烘干。清洗后的铝合金表面表面呈暗银白色。
机械清洗可使用气动或电动铣刀、刮刀、锉刀等工具。对于薄氧化膜，也可用0.25mm铜丝刷抛光去除氧化膜。

1. Preparation prior to welding strictly clean the surface oxide film on both sides of the Weld Groove by chemical or mechanical means. Chemical cleaning is to clean the surface of the work piece with Alkali or acid. This method can remove not only the oxide film, but also the oil stain. The process is as follows: 6% ~ 10% sodium hydroxide solution by volume, soaking at 70 °C for 0.5 minutes → washing → neutralization by soaking at room temperature with 15% nitric acid for 1 minute → washing → warm washing → drying. The surface of the cleaned aluminum alloy is dark silvery white. Mechanical cleaning can use pneumatic or electric milling cutter, scraper, file and other tools. For thin oxide film, the oxide film can also be removed by polishing with a 0.25 mm copper wire brush.

2.确定装配间隙和点焊间距。
在焊接过程中，合金铝板受热膨胀，导致焊缝坡口间隙减小。如果焊前装配间隙过小，两块板的坡口会在焊接过程中重叠增加。后焊接表面的粗糙度和变形；相反，如果装配间隙太大，就会很难焊接，有可能烧穿。合适的点焊间距可以保证所需的点焊间隙，所以，铝板生产厂家选择合适的装配间隙和点焊距离是减少变形的有效措施。根据经验，不同板厚对接头的合理装配工艺参数如表2所示。

2. Determine Assembly clearance and spot weld spacing. In the process of welding, the heat expansion of the alloy aluminum plate results in the reduction of the weld groove clearance. If the assembly clearance before welding is too small, the groove of the two plates will overlap during the welding process increase. After welding surface roughness and deformation; on the contrary, if the assembly gap is too large, it will be difficult to weld, may burn through. Proper spot welding spacing can ensure the required spot welding clearance, so it is an effective measure for aluminum plate manufacturers to choose proper assembly clearance and spot welding distance to reduce deformation. According to experience, the reasonable assembly process parameters of butt joints with different thickness are shown in table 2.
3.选择焊接设备
目前市场上焊接产品种类繁多。一般应采用交流钨极氩弧焊(TIG焊)。它利用钨电极和工件在氩气保护下产生的电。一种电弧熔化母材和焊丝的焊接方法。焊机工作时，由于交流电流极性周期性变化，每个周期半波为DC正接。半波是DC反向连接。在正向半波期间，钨电极可以发射足够的电子而不会过热，有利于电弧的稳定。在反向半波过程中，工件表面产生。氧化膜容易去除，获得表面光亮美观、形状良好的焊缝。

3. There are many kinds of welding products on the market at present. AC TUNGSTEN INERT GAS (Tig) welding should be used in general. It utilizes the electricity generated by the tungsten electrode and the workpiece under the protection of Argon Gas. The invention relates to a welding method for arc melting base metal and welding wire. When the welding machine works, due to the periodic change of the polarity of AC current, each cycle half-wave is DC positive connection. Half-wave is DC reverse connection. During the forward half-wave, the tungsten electrode can emit enough electrons without overheating, which is beneficial to the stability of the ARC. In the reverse half-wave process, the surface of the workpiece is generated. The oxide film can be easily removed and the weld with bright and beautiful surface can be obtained.
4.选择焊丝。
一般选用301纯铝焊丝和311铝硅焊丝。

4. Selective wire. General selection of 301 pure aluminum wire and 311 aluminum-silicon wire.
5.选择焊接方法和参数。
一般采用左焊方式，焊枪与工件成60°角。当焊接厚度大于15毫米时，铝板生产厂家采用正确的焊接方法，焊枪与工件成90°角。当焊接壁厚大于3毫米时，开V形坡口，夹角为60° ~ 70°，间隙不应大于1毫米，当壁厚小于1.5毫米时，不留坡口或间隙。

5. Selection of welding method and parameters. Generally, the left welding method is adopted, and the welding torch is at 60 ° angle with the workpiece. When the welding thickness is more than 15 mm, the aluminum plate manufacturer adopts the correct welding method, the welding torch and the workpiece at 90 ° angle. When the thickness of the welding wall is more than 3 mm, open the V-groove, the included angle is 60 ° ~ 70 ° , the gap should not be more than 1 mm, when the thickness of the wall is less than 1.5 mm, leave no groove or gap.